kluchansky



E. w. KLUCHANSKY. SUBLIIVIATION APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-2, 19|?.

Patented Maj 1919.

zyP/zf (1Mo/anew @5u im proved form are EUGENE w. xLUcHANsxY, or :NewVYORK, N. Y.y

' sUBLmA'rIoN nrrAnA'rUs.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented May 2t, 1919.

Application mea AugustV 2,1917. sez-iai No. 184,042.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE 'W'. KLUGHAN- SKY, a subject of Russia,residing in the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, county and Stateof New York, have invented a certain new and useful SublimationApparatus, of which the following is a specification.

' This invention is a sublimation apparatus, adapted particularly forthe sublimation of salicylic acid and Vother chemical products which itis desired to purify by sublimation, and, more especially, by the directheating o f the materials through the medium-of hot au'.

The obj ect of the invention, speaking generally, is to enable thesublimation operation to be carried out in a simple, eiiicient andeconomical manner. With this object in view, among the features of theinvention, though not the exclusive ones, may be mentioned thefollowing. Improved means whereby the apparatus 'may be quickly chargedfor operation; improved means whereby the material under treatment 1squickly and thoroughly subjected to the action of hot air under slightpressure; animof tray for holding the crude material; improved means forseparating the sublimed product from the current of hot air, andimprovements in the combination and sub-combination of said elements,`

and in the general construction of the apparatus.

S eaking generally, the apparatus, in its pre erred form, embodies, aunit, or plural.- ity of units, consisting of a chamber or casing,walls, spaced from the sides of the casing, whereby main air channels orpassages formed between the upright sides of the casing and the walls,said walls being provided with slots or openings through which hot airis introduced in the space intermediate the walls. Supported between andpreferably by the walls, are a series of pairs of perforated plates orscreens, and between the members constituting each of said pairs arepositioned trays having open tops and perforated bottoms, thebottom-members of the airs serving to support the trays.

ot air, heated to a point above the vaporizing temperature of thematerial to be sublimed, issupplied to the chamber, whereupon it isdirected through the main air passages and thence through the slots oropenings in the walls, whereupon it comes into lends, as shown atintimate contact with the material on the trays and carries it off inthe form of vapor.

- The mixed air and vapor is allowed to enter a sublimation chamber,wherein the chemical is condensed, and the air, after ltration, to freeit of anyl entrained sublimate, escapes from the ap'paratusx. Thesublimed product may be removed from the sublimation chamber, asdesired, and without, necessarily, interfering with the operation of thesublimation process.

Features of the apparatus, other than those described, will appear fromthe herein detailed description ofthe apparatus, taken in conjunctionwith the acompanying drawings and appended claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 isa front elevation of two units,one unit being shown in section with several trays positioned`therein,and, showing, also, the hot air trunk and its distributing connections.

'Fig 2 shows one of the `units in sectional side elevationA and, also,the sublimation f chamber andassociated elements.

Fig. 3 1s a perspective view of an lndivid- `ual tray.

Fig. 4 shows a fragmental perspective of a modied form ofconstruction'for supporting the trays and diusing the hot air, and

Fig. 5 is a detail of one of the features embodied in Fig. 1.

v4As the several units are all of the same construction, a descriptionof one will suflice for a description of all. Referring to thevdrawings, A is a substantially closed vaporlzmg chamber interiorly ofwhich are substantial upright walls B provided with openings or slots b,whereby main air passages C are formed intermediate the side walls ofthe chamber A and the interior upright walls B, the openings or slots bof the latter serving to introduce air into spaces Aintermediate saidwalls. Supported by the walls are a series of perforated plates orscreens 0, and between the members of each pair of screens, andsupported by the bottom 4 screen, is a tray D having side walls d and afront wall d and a perforated bottom cl2, and having an open back, asshown in Fig. 3. The screen 0 may be secured to the walls B in anysuitable manner as by Hanging the c' in Fig. 5, bolts c2, or equivalentmeans, extending through the iianges and into walls B. The upper part ofthe chamberis provided with an air baie E,

consisting of a series of overlapping plates e e, as clearly appears inFigs. 1 and 2.

F represents a main hot air inlet or trunk, having branches F F, asshown in Fig. 1, whereby hot air is introduced into chamber A, each ofthe branches F, as shown, having sub-branches f leading to C formedbetween the walls-of the chamber and thepartitions B. Each of chambers Ais provided with doors G,Whereby ready access is had to the interior ofthe chambers for the purpose of introducing the trays, carrying thematerial, therein, and for removing the empty trays therefrom.

The back of the apparatus is directly connected with a sublimationchamber H, having an air exit g, over the inlet of which is a screen71., composed of burlap or similar material, whereby any vapor entrainedin the air screen is filtered out therefrom 'prior to the eXit of theair fromA the sublimation chamber. Positioned near the bottom of thesublimation chamber are two manually operated valves z" j, respectively,the former of which is normally open, while the latter is normallyclosed, thereby permitting the sublimed material to deposit in thespaces between the valves. `When it is desired to remove the materialfrom the sublimation chamber, without interfering with the process, thevalve z' is closed, and the valve j opened, whereupon the material inthe bottom of the chamber falls, by gravity, upon a traveling conveyerI, whence itis carried to any desired location.

From the foregoing description of the apparatus its operation will bereadily understood, but it may be briefiy described as follows. Thematerial to be sublimed, c. g., crude salicylic acid, having been placedon the trays D, said trays are introduced into chamber A. The doors ofthe apparatus having been closed, hot air is introduced therein at thedesired temperature, depending upon the particular material operatedupon, whereupon said material is vaporized and carried by the aircurrent into the sublimation chamber H, where the refined chemical isdeposited, the freed air escaping through air exit g, after having beenfirst filtered by its passage through the filter Iz. The sublimedmaterial may be removed from the ap aratus in the manner hereinbeforedescribed.

It will be observed that by providing the various air passages, asdescribed, and positioning the trays D, which, as described, haveopen-work bottoms, on the perforated supports in chamber A, air isthereby brought into very intimate contact with the material on saidtrays, both at the top and bottom thereof, with the result that saidmaterial is very thoroughly and expeditiously va orized.

n Fig. et have shown a modified way of the a1r passages supporting thetrays. In this form, the upright walls B are provided with openingsthrough .which extend perforated pipes J, on which the trays D rest,instead of on perforated screens, or plates, as heretofore described. lnthis modied form of construction, perforated air pipes will also bepositioned upon the trays, whereby the material on the trays'issubjected to the action of the hot air both from above and below.

It will be understoodthat detailed changes may be made in theconstruction of the apparatus, as described, such as the substitution ofequivalents, without departing from the spirit of the invention, thescope of which is as broadly new as is commensurate with the appendedclaims.

vHaving thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is: v l. In a sublimation apparatus,a substantially closed chamber, a hot air inlet to said chamber, uprightwalls within the chamber and spaced from the sides thereof, whereby airVpassages are formed between the sides of the chamber and the uprightwalls, said walls being provided with openings whereby air may enterfrom the air passages into the spaces between said walls,`

perforated supporting members extending between the walls, andperforated trays supported on said members whereby hot air is broughtinto intimate contact with the material on the trays both on the top andbottom thereof.

2. In a sublimation apparatus, a substantially closed chamber providedwith a hot air inlet, upright walls within the chamber and spaced fromthe sides thereof, whereby air passages are formed between the sides ofthe chamber and the upright Walls, said walls being provided withopenings whereby airmay enter from the air passages into the spacesbetween said walls, a plurality of pairs of perforated members extendingbetween and supported by the walls, trays, having' perforated bottoms,positioned between the members of each of said pairs of perforatedmembers, whereby hot air is introduced above and below the material on.the trays and is caused to circula-te therethrough.

3. In a sublimation apparatus, a substantially closed` chamber, a hotair inlet to said chamber, upright Walls within the chamber and spacedfrom the sides thereof, whereby air passages are formed between thesides of the chamber and the upright walls, said walls being-providedwith openings whereby air may enter from the air passages into thespaces between said walls, a plurality of pairs of screens supported bythe walls, trays,

-having perforated bottoms and front and side walls but no rear wall,resting on the bottom screen of each pair of screens, whereby hot air isintroduced above and below the material on the trays and is caused tocirculate therethrough.

4. In a sublimation apparatus, a substantially closed chamber, a hot airinletto said chamber, an air-baiile in the upper part of the chamber,upright Walls within the chamber and spaced from the sides thereof,-whereby air passages are formed 'between the sides of the chamber andthe upright walls, said walls being provided with openings, whereby airmay enter from the air passages into the spaces between said walls,perforated supportingmembers extending between the walls, a perforatedtrays supported on said members whereby hot air is brought into intimatecontact'with the material on the trays both on the top and bottomthereof. t "i 5. In a sublimation apparatus, a substantially closedchamber, a hot air inlet thereto, upright walls therein, spaced from thesides of the chamber, forming main air passages betweenjtlie sides ofthe chamber and said walls, perforated chambers fornng'sfecondary airpassages extending between the mainair passages and adapted to formsupports for trays',; and perforated trays positioned on said perforatedchambers, in combination with a sublimation chamber havingan air exit,means for filtering the air prior to its entry intoy said exit, andmeans for removing the sublimed material without interfering with thecontinuity of the process.

6. A sublimation apparatus embodying a vaporizing chamber, meansforintroducing hot air therein, a plurality of perforated trays`positioned within the chamber, perforated conduits within the chamberfrom which hot air is forced through thematerial in the trays both fromthe top and bottom thereof, 1n combination with a subliming `chamberinto which the mixed current of air and chemical vapor is introduced andwherein the latter is condensed, and means for removing the sublimedmaterial without interfering with the sublimation process.

7. A sublimation apparatus embodying a and chemical vapor is introducedand -wherein the latter is condensed, means cooperating with thesubliming chamber for entraining any vapor carried by the air current,and means for removing the sublimed material without interfering withthe sublimation process.

8. In a sublimation apparatus, a plurality of vaporizing chambers, amain hot air trunk common to said chambers and having a separate branchfor supplying hot air to each of the chambers, each of said 'branchesbeing connected to two sub-branches which enter each chamber and meanswithin the chamber for supporting a series of trays in spaced relation.

9. In a sublimation apparatus, a plurality of vaporizing chambers, amain hot air trunk common to said chambers and having a separate branchfor supplying hot air to each In testimony whereof I have signed my nameto this specification.

EUGENE W. KLUCHANSKY.

